Software Project Management in the Amazon: Connectivity Challenges and Hybrid Agile Governance Models for Socio-Environmental Monitoring Systems

Abstract

The growing use of Software systems for environmental monitoring, territorial management and public service delivery in the Amazon poses specific challenges to information technology project management, arising from the region's vast territorial extension, low population density, precarious connectivity infrastructure and the sociocultural diversity of the communities served. This article aims to analyze, through an integrative literature review, how traditional, agile and hybrid Software project management methodologies have been adapted to the Amazonian context, with emphasis on socio-environmental monitoring systems such as TerraAmazon, DETER and PRODES, maintained by Brazil's National Institute for Space Research (INPE). The research, of a qualitative and exploratory nature, was based on the survey and thematic analysis of institutional documents, technical standards and national and international scientific publications published between 2015 and 2025. The results show the predominance of hybrid arrangements that combine agile principles of incremental delivery with PMBOK's formal governance practices, and identify rural connectivity as the main risk factor for Software projects in the region. As a contribution, an adapted Software project management framework for Amazonian contexts is proposed, structured around four axes: distributed governance, connectivity resilience, community participation and local technical capacity-building.